What is the purpose of a crumple zone in vehicle design?

The purpose of a crumple zone in vehicle design is to absorb and divert collision energy. Crumple zones are strategically engineered areas of a vehicle, typically located at the front and rear, that are designed to deform and crumple in a controlled manner during a collision. This deformation absorbs some of the energy generated by the impact, reducing the amount of force transmitted to the occupants of the vehicle.

By dissipating collision energy, crumple zones help to minimize injuries to passengers and improve overall safety during an accident. The effectiveness of these areas is based on the principles of physics and energy absorption, making them a critical element in modern vehicle safety design. This focus on energy management during a collision distinguishes crumple zones from features that might impact fuel efficiency, aesthetic preferences, or vehicle weight.